Access to toilet/change facilities Actively maintained Disabled Access

Men Women Children

Current Use: Ocean baths.
Condition: Good.

Early nineteenth century
The pool site may have been a traditional bathing place for Aboriginal women. It was used as a women's bathing area after the 1820s.

1860s
This women-only bathing area has been in continuous use since the 1860s.

1876
Randwick Council received complaints about men wilfully lingering near the women's baths, even though these baths were not operated by the Council.

1886
The baths were apparently more formally constructed with women's changing rooms, which made greater usage of the baths possible.

1901
Randwick Council's lease of the baths site expired and the NSW Minister for Lands called tenders for improvements. The Minister believed that the charges required by Council from private operators were too high and he was unwilling to extend the Council lease on the pool. Entry charges to the baths were a penny, with a further penny for hire of a towel and costume. After Council argued that it had spent 300 pounds on improvement to the baths, it gained a 10-year extension of their lease at five pounds per annum.

1912
Mina Wylie trained in this pool before swimming her way to a silver medal in the 1912 Olympics, the first Olympics with swimming events for women.

1918
Robert and Rose McIver began operating the Ladies Baths.

1922
The McIver family had created the baths in their present form.

1923
Rose McIver, Mina Wylie, Bella O'Keefe and members of the Mealing and Wickham families began the Randwick and Coogee Ladies Amateur Swimming Club with Robert McIver as chairman. The Randwick Ladies Amateur Swimming Club formed and took over the lease of the baths. Free swimming lessons have been provided at the pool since the 1920s.

1946
Randwick Council decided to apply to the Minister for Lands to have the bath available to the public for mixed bathing. That decision was overturned after objections from:
- the proprietors of neighbouring Wylies Baths, pointing out the potential damage to business at their mixed bathing pool, and
- the Mother Superior of the Brigidine Convent at Randwick, stating that the nuns at her convent, any country nuns vacationing there and the 100 boarders at the Brigidine School would not be able to visit the baths, if they were opened for mixed bathing.

1947
Randwick Council estimates indicated an expected income of 20 pounds from the women's pool. The Coogee-Randwick Ratepayers Association complained to Council that McIvers Baths were an eyesore and a disgrace to the community and urged they be demolished or put in proper repair. In June, Robert McIver explained to the Council Works Committee that  owing to the bad conditions of steps, he had been unable to open the baths the previous season except to school groups. He also said that he could not carry on any longer under the present conditions.

1972
Council was discussing plans to build a solid fence around the pool 'not only for sensible reasons' but also to deter 'perverts and peek-a boos'.

1977
The women's baths were renovated.

1980s
After vandals burned down the Randwick and Coogee Ladies Amateur Swimming Clubhouse, Randwick City Council agreed to rebuild the clubhouse.
The Randwick and Coogee Ladies Amateur Swimming Clubhouse presented a prize to each youngster who learnt to swim (sometimes after only a two-week period) at its free Saturday morning swimming classes. Boys under seven could learn to swim there, but then had to move on to use other pools.

Continued closure of the women's pool deprived Coogee kids of swimming lessons and made races impossible. The pool was leaking badly and only contained water at high tide. Heavy rocks in the pool needed to be removed and minor repairs undertaken. Council said repairs were delayed until sea and tide conditions permitted them to be carried out in working hours.

1990s
When  Randwick Council's lease from Department of Lands expired,  Council requested a five-year renewal of the lease.

1993
Mrs Doris Hyde of the Randwick and Coogee Ladies Amateur Swimming Club commended the pool's lesbian patrons as 'the nicest girls' and the 'ones who'll put the fellows out'.

1994
The National Trust classified this pool and listed it on its heritage register.
The Randwick and Coogee Ladies Amateur Swimming Club learn-to-swim classes now took boys up to age 12. The club raised funds for cancer research at the Prince of Wales hospital, worked closely with the Coogee surf club and Wylies Baths, as well as the Coogee RSL.

A man complained that he had been sitting on the foreshore near the pool, when several women sunbaking at the pool call him a 'deviant', asked him to leave, and threatened to call the police if he didn't. Mrs Doris Hyde of the Randwick and Coogee Ladies Amateur Swimming Club denied the baths were 'a lesbian lair' and said she had never seen anything untoward there.

After a Coogee man, Leon Wolk, complained to the NSW Anti-Discrimination Board that he was barred from the baths on account of his sex, the Anti-Discrimination Board wrote to Randwick Council seeking information about the baths. Randwick City Council stated there had been no complaints abut the baths and that it was prepared to take legal action to keep McIver's ladies baths free of men. The Randwick and Coogee Ladies Amateur Swimming Club claimed it did not have funds to construct change rooms for both sexes, which made it impractical to admit men, except to cheer on their children at swimming carnivals.

The women's pool was traditionally used by older women, women with disabilities, nuns and others who preferred privacy as well as pregnant women and older people with arthritis who enjoyed the pool's private sunbaking area and didn't want to go to the beach, indulge in mixed bathing, or be bothered by men. Thursday was traditionally married ladies day. Girls schools held water safety classes at the baths, which were popular amongst the Islamic community. The club's free lessons had helped Islamic women and children gain confidence in the water and some Islamic women contended that it was the only place their faith permitted them to swim. The medical profession argued that Coogee's women's baths were the only place where women who had suffered disfiguring operations could comfortably bathe.

Despite claiming it was the only safe sea pool in the area during high tides and rough weather, Leon Wolk lost the case.

1995
The NSW  Minister for Local Government, Mr E. Pickering, granted the baths an exemption to an exemption from the NSW Anti-Discrimination Act.

2000
The pool entry fee was 20 cents. Club members paid 50c as a fundraising measure.

2003
Randwick City Council allocated $85,000 for Stage 1 landscaping at the women's pool, thought to be Australia's only sea pool still reserved solely for use by women and children.

2004
The pool closed while landscaping was carried out.

2006
The pool remains popular with a wide variety of women.

There are suggestions that the Aboriginal tradition had been to set aside the northern end of Coogee beach for men's activities and the southern end for women's business.

1838
Coogee was gazetted as a village and the Coogee beachfront and headlands allocated as public reserves.

1858
There were fewer than 20 houses at Coogee.

1887
Opening of the Coogee Aquarium which offered a wide range of amusements including an indoor swimming pool in a building with a distinctive large striped dome.

1928
Opening of the Coogee pier, an English-style pier entertainment complex with a theatre, ballroom, restaurant and shops.

1929
A massive shark net attached to the famed Coogee pier offered safe swimming day or night. The shark net's 600-foot by 470-foot swimming enclosure could accommodate some 10,000 bathers at a time. This pay-to-swim facility with an admission charge of one penny attracted crowds of 30,000 a night for night surfing under floodlights. Coogee Beach was promoted as the safest surf beach in Australia and other coastal councils considered creating similar enclosures.

World War II
The Coogee shark net could not be maintained.

Durack, Fanny
Wylie, H. A.
Wylie, Mina
National Trust of Australia (NSW)

These baths are a significant focal point for recreation, swimming education and competitive swimming for generations of male and female school children, members of the ladies swimming club, female residents and female visitors. The popularity of these baths is closely tied to the growth and activities of the amateur swimming movement and tourism. The site provides evidence of swimming as a recreation and as a competitive sport for women.

Assessed significance: Could be of State Heritage significance if considered as part of the cluster of pools on Coogee Bay.
Current heritage status: Listed as having local heritage significance in Randwick Council's 1998 Local Environmental Plan.
 

Related Topics Aboriginal people Admission charges Continental bathing Council involvement Fishing & fishtraps Gays & lesbians Government involvement Learn-to-swim Nuns & brothers Sharks Swim clubs

Studies & References National Trust listing. EJE Landscape Architects & Christa Ludlow. Survey of Harbourside & Ocean Pools of the Sydney Metropolitan Region. Prepared for the National Trust of Australia (NSW), 1994.